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Wild Dagga Concentrated Resin 50:1

Wild Dagga Concentrated Resin 50:1

Legal in NLHerb
Onset
Duration
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Always start with a low dose and read our safety guidelines before use.

Ultra-concentrated Wild Dagga resin extract containing high levels of leonurine and other active alkaloids. This South African herb produces mild euphoric and relaxing effects similar to cannabis but legal. Dutch smartshops offer it as a natural smoking blend and mood enhancer.

Adam Parsons
Written by
Adam Parsons
Medically reviewed by
Luke Sholl
Last updated

Overview

Wild Dagga Concentrated Resin 50:1 is a potent extract derived from Leonotis leonurus, commonly known as Wild Dagga or Lion's Tail. This South African indigenous plant has been used for centuries by traditional healers and local communities for its mild psychoactive and medicinal properties. The concentrated resin represents a significant enhancement of the plant's natural compounds, with the 50:1 ratio indicating that fifty parts of raw plant material have been processed to create one part of concentrated extract.

The primary appeal of Wild Dagga lies in its gentle, cannabis-like effects without the intensity or legal complications associated with THC-containing products. Users typically report a mild euphoric sensation, relaxation, and subtle alterations in perception that make it popular among those seeking a legal alternative to stronger psychoactive substances. The concentrated resin form offers a more potent and convenient method of consumption compared to smoking the dried leaves or flowers of the raw plant.

Wild Dagga contains several active compounds, most notably leonurine, which is believed to be responsible for many of its psychoactive effects. The plant also contains various other alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenes that contribute to its overall pharmacological profile. The concentration process typically involves solvent extraction methods that isolate and concentrate these active compounds, resulting in a dark, sticky resin that can be consumed in various ways.

The legal status of Wild Dagga varies by jurisdiction, but it remains legal in most countries, including the Netherlands, where it's commonly sold in smart shops. This accessibility, combined with its relatively mild effects and low risk profile, has made it increasingly popular among both experienced psychonaut communities and newcomers exploring legal psychoactive substances. However, the concentrated nature of the 50:1 extract means users must approach it with appropriate caution and respect for its enhanced potency.

How It Works

The pharmacological action of Wild Dagga Concentrated Resin 50:1 involves multiple pathways in the brain and nervous system, creating its characteristic mild psychoactive effects. The primary active compound, leonurine, is an alkaloid that appears to interact with several neurotransmitter systems, though research into its exact mechanisms remains limited compared to more extensively studied psychoactive compounds.

Leonurine demonstrates activity at dopaminergic pathways, which may explain the mild euphoric and mood-enhancing effects reported by users. This interaction with dopamine receptors, particularly in the brain's reward centers, contributes to the pleasant, relaxing sensations that make Wild Dagga appealing for recreational use. Unlike more potent psychoactive substances, this dopaminergic activity appears to be subtle and doesn't typically produce the intense highs or subsequent crashes associated with stronger stimulants or euphoriants.

The compound also shows affinity for certain serotonin receptors, which may contribute to its reported mood-stabilizing and anxiolytic properties. This serotonergic activity could explain why many users report feeling more relaxed and socially comfortable after consuming Wild Dagga products. The interaction with serotonin pathways may also contribute to subtle perceptual changes, though these are typically much milder than those produced by classical psychedelics.

Additionally, Wild Dagga appears to have some interaction with the endocannabinoid system, though this is likely indirect rather than through direct binding to CB1 or CB2 receptors. This may explain why users often describe the effects as somewhat cannabis-like, including mild alterations in time perception, enhanced sensory appreciation, and a general sense of well-being. The plant's various terpenes and flavonoids may also contribute to these effects through what researchers call the "entourage effect," where multiple compounds work synergistically to produce the overall experience.

The concentrated resin's 50:1 potency means these neurochemical interactions occur at much higher concentrations than would be achieved through traditional plant consumption methods, potentially activating additional receptor sites or producing more pronounced effects at the same dosage points.

What It Looks Like

Wild Dagga Concentrated Resin 50:1 typically appears as a dark, viscous substance with a consistency ranging from thick honey to hard, brittle resin, depending on the extraction method used and storage conditions. The color usually varies from deep amber to dark brown or nearly black, with some variations showing reddish or greenish tints. The resin often has a glossy appearance when fresh, though it may become more matte or develop a slight crystalline surface texture over time.

The texture can change significantly with temperature variations. At room temperature, quality Wild Dagga resin should be pliable but not overly sticky, allowing it to be handled and portioned without excessive mess. In cooler conditions, it may become quite hard and brittle, requiring gentle warming to make it workable. Conversely, in warm environments, it can become very soft and sticky, sometimes requiring refrigeration for easier handling.

The aroma of authentic Wild Dagga concentrated resin is distinctive and complex, typically described as earthy, herbal, and slightly sweet with undertones that some users compare to a mixture of honey, herbs, and mild cannabis-like notes. The smell should not be overpowering or unpleasant, and any sharp chemical odors may indicate poor extraction methods or contamination.

When purchasing Wild Dagga resin, consumers should be aware of potential adulterants or substitutes. Lower-quality products might be diluted with inactive plant resins, waxes, or other filler materials to increase volume and reduce costs. Some unscrupulous vendors might also mix in synthetic compounds to enhance effects artificially. Authentic concentrated resin should dissolve partially in alcohol and produce the characteristic herbal aroma when heated gently. The packaging should clearly indicate the concentration ratio and provide information about the extraction method used, with reputable suppliers offering certificates of analysis or purity testing results.

What to Expect

The experience with Wild Dagga Concentrated Resin 50:1 typically unfolds as a gentle, progressive journey that differs significantly from more intense psychoactive substances. Users generally report that effects begin within 15-30 minutes when smoked or vaporized, or 30-60 minutes when consumed orally, with the concentrated nature of the 50:1 extract providing more pronounced effects than raw plant material.

The onset phase is characterized by a subtle shift in awareness, often described as a gentle lifting of mood and a slight softening of mental edges. Users frequently report feeling more relaxed and socially comfortable, with minor anxieties or tensions beginning to dissolve. This initial phase typically lasts 20-45 minutes and serves as a bridge into the main experience.

During the peak phase, which usually occurs 45-90 minutes after consumption and lasts 1-3 hours, users commonly experience a mild euphoric state accompanied by enhanced sensory appreciation. Colors may appear slightly more vivid, music more engaging, and tactile sensations more pleasant. Many report a cannabis-like quality to the experience, including mild alterations in time perception where minutes might feel slightly extended, though not to the degree experienced with stronger psychoactive substances.

Mental effects during the peak often include increased creativity and introspective thinking, with some users finding it easier to engage in artistic activities or meaningful conversations. The headspace is generally described as clear and functional, unlike more potent psychoactive substances that might impair cognitive function. Most users remain fully capable of normal activities, though with a pleasant background sense of well-being and relaxation.

Physical sensations typically include a warm, comfortable body feeling with mild muscle relaxation. Some users report a slight tingling sensation, particularly in the extremities, and a general sense of physical well-being. Unlike stimulants, Wild Dagga doesn't typically produce increased heart rate or energy, instead promoting a calm, centered feeling.

The comedown phase is generally smooth and gradual, lasting 1-2 hours, with effects slowly fading without the harsh crashes associated with some other substances. Many users report feeling refreshed and emotionally balanced as the experience concludes, sometimes with improved mood lasting into the following day.

Preparation & Consumption

Wild Dagga Concentrated Resin 50:1 can be consumed through several methods, each offering different onset times, duration, and intensity of effects. The concentrated nature of this extract requires careful attention to dosing, as the 50:1 concentration significantly increases potency compared to raw plant material.

Smoking or vaporizing represents the most common consumption method, offering rapid onset and relatively short duration. For smoking, users typically place a small amount of resin (starting with a piece roughly the size of a grain of rice) on a bed of inert smoking material like mullein or damiana, or mix it with tobacco or cannabis where legal. The resin should be heated gently to avoid combusting too rapidly, which can waste active compounds and produce harsh smoke. Vaporizing at temperatures between 160-190°C (320-374°F) provides a cleaner experience with better flavor and potentially more efficient extraction of active compounds.

Oral consumption involves dissolving the resin in warm milk, alcohol, or incorporating it into edibles. This method requires larger doses due to first-pass metabolism but provides longer-lasting effects, typically 3-6 hours compared to 1-3 hours when smoked. Starting doses for oral consumption should be approximately 50-100mg of resin, waiting at least 90 minutes before considering additional doses due to delayed onset.

Sublingual administration offers a middle ground between smoking and oral consumption. Small amounts of resin can be placed under the tongue and allowed to dissolve slowly, providing onset within 15-30 minutes and duration of 2-4 hours. This method may be preferable for users seeking moderate duration without the respiratory effects of smoking.

Set and setting considerations remain important even with mild substances like Wild Dagga. Users should choose comfortable, familiar environments, particularly for first experiences. Having trusted friends present can enhance the social aspects of the experience while providing support if needed. Avoiding stressful situations or locations where the mild psychoactive effects might be problematic is advisable.

Preparation should include ensuring adequate hydration, having light snacks available, and clearing schedules of important responsibilities for several hours post-consumption. While Wild Dagga is generally functional, the concentrated resin's enhanced potency warrants treating it with appropriate respect and preparation.

Safety First

While Wild Dagga Concentrated Resin 50:1 is generally considered safe with a low risk profile, the concentrated nature of this extract requires specific safety considerations and precautions. Understanding potential risks, contraindications, and proper harm reduction practices is essential for safe consumption.

Individuals with cardiovascular conditions should exercise particular caution, as leonurine and other compounds in Wild Dagga may have mild effects on heart rate and blood pressure. Those with existing heart conditions, hypertension, or taking cardiac medications should consult healthcare providers before use. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid Wild Dagga entirely, as insufficient research exists regarding safety during pregnancy and lactation.

Mental health considerations include potential interactions with mood disorders. While many users report mood enhancement, individuals with bipolar disorder, severe depression, or anxiety disorders should approach with caution, as any psychoactive substance can potentially trigger or exacerbate mental health symptoms. Those taking psychiatric medications, particularly MAOIs, SSRIs, or other antidepressants, should be aware of potential interactions, though specific research on Wild Dagga interactions remains limited.

Respiratory safety becomes particularly important when smoking the concentrated resin. The thick, resinous smoke can be harsh and potentially irritating to sensitive respiratory systems. Individuals with asthma, COPD, or other respiratory conditions should consider alternative consumption methods like oral or sublingual administration. When smoking, using proper ventilation and avoiding excessive inhalation can reduce respiratory irritation.

Drug interactions represent an area requiring caution due to limited research. Wild Dagga may potentially interact with sedatives, alcohol, or other depressants, possibly enhancing their effects. Users should avoid combining with other psychoactive substances until familiar with Wild Dagga's individual effects. The concentrated resin's enhanced potency increases the importance of avoiding polydrug use, particularly for inexperienced users.

Quality and purity concerns are significant with concentrated extracts. Purchasing from reputable sources that provide testing information helps ensure product safety and potency consistency. Contamination with solvents, pesticides, or adulterants poses potential health risks, making source verification crucial.

Dosage precision becomes critical with 50:1 concentrates. Starting with minimal amounts and gradually increasing allows users to find their optimal dose while minimizing risk of overconsumption. Keeping detailed records of doses and effects helps establish personal tolerance and safe usage patterns.

History & Cultural Context

Wild Dagga (Leonotis leonurus) has a rich history deeply rooted in South African traditional medicine and cultural practices spanning centuries. Indigenous peoples of southern Africa, including the Khoi and San peoples, traditionally used the plant for various medicinal and ceremonial purposes long before European colonization. The plant's common name "Wild Dagga" derives from the Afrikaans word "dagga," which itself comes from the Khoekhoe word "dachab," originally referring to cannabis but later applied to this indigenous plant due to its similar psychoactive properties.

Traditional healers, known as sangomas and inyangas, incorporated Wild Dagga into their pharmacopoeia for treating various ailments including headaches, coughs, fever, and anxiety. The plant was often smoked or prepared as teas and tinctures, with different preparation methods used for specific therapeutic purposes. In some traditional contexts, Wild Dagga served ceremonial functions, helping facilitate communication with ancestral spirits or enhancing meditation and spiritual practices.

European settlers and botanists first documented Wild Dagga in the 18th century, with formal scientific classification occurring in the 19th century. The plant's psychoactive properties attracted attention from colonial authorities and researchers, leading to various studies and documentation of its traditional uses. However, unlike cannabis, Wild Dagga never faced significant legal restrictions, partly due to its milder effects and lower abuse potential.

The modern concentrated resin extraction represents a relatively recent development, emerging from contemporary interest in legal psychoactive alternatives and advances in extraction technology. The 50:1 concentration ratio became popular in the early 21st century as smart shops and ethnobotanical suppliers sought to offer more potent, convenient forms of traditional plants.

Cultural perception of Wild Dagga has evolved significantly over time. While once viewed primarily through the lens of traditional medicine or as a "poor man's cannabis," it has gained recognition in contemporary wellness and psychonaut communities as a legitimate botanical ally. The rise of harm reduction philosophy and interest in natural psychoactive substances has contributed to Wild Dagga's growing acceptance and popularity beyond its traditional cultural boundaries.

Today, Wild Dagga occupies a unique position in the legal psychoactive landscape, bridging traditional ethnobotanical use with modern extraction techniques and contemporary harm reduction practices.

Emergency Guidance

While Wild Dagga Concentrated Resin 50:1 has a relatively safe profile, understanding how to respond to potential adverse reactions or overconsumption is crucial for user safety. Due to the concentrated nature of the 50:1 extract, effects may be more pronounced than expected, particularly for inexperienced users or those who miscalculate dosing.

Signs of overconsumption may include excessive sedation, dizziness, nausea, anxiety, or panic reactions. While serious medical emergencies are rare with Wild Dagga, users experiencing severe symptoms should not hesitate to seek medical attention. If someone becomes extremely drowsy, has difficulty breathing, experiences chest pain, or shows signs of severe distress, emergency services should be contacted immediately.

For mild adverse reactions, basic supportive care often proves effective. Moving the affected person to a calm, comfortable environment away from stimulating influences can help reduce anxiety or panic. Encouraging slow, deep breathing and providing reassurance that the effects are temporary and will pass can be beneficial. Offering water or light snacks may help with nausea or dizziness, though forced consumption should be avoided if the person is very drowsy.

If someone experiences anxiety or panic, remind them that Wild Dagga effects are temporary and generally last only a few hours. Grounding techniques such as focusing on physical sensations, counting objects in the room, or engaging in simple conversation can help redirect attention away from uncomfortable feelings. Having a trusted, sober friend present during experiences can provide valuable support and assistance if needed.

When calling emergency services, be honest about what substances were consumed, including the approximate amount and time of consumption. This information helps medical professionals provide appropriate care. In the Netherlands, drug consumption itself is not criminalized, and medical professionals are bound by patient confidentiality, so honesty about substance use will not result in legal consequences.

Keep emergency contact numbers readily available, including local emergency services (112 in the Netherlands), poison control centers, and trusted friends or family members who can provide support. Having these numbers programmed into phones before consuming any psychoactive substance represents good harm reduction practice.

Remember that most adverse reactions to Wild Dagga are mild and temporary, resolving within a few hours as the substance metabolizes. However, taking potential emergencies seriously and responding appropriately ensures the safest possible experience for all users.

Legal Status in NL

Legal

Available in 164 shops across 61 cities. Most shops in Amsterdam (31), Rotterdam (13), Groningen (9).

Dosage Guide

Experience Timeline

Onset5-15 minutes (smoked), 30-60 minutes (oral)
Peak30-90 minutes
Plateau1-3 hours
Comedown30-60 minutes
Afterglow2-6 hours
smokedvaporizedoralsublingual

Effect Profile

Visual2Auditory1Cognitive3Emotional4Physical6

Positive Effects

Mild euphoria and relaxationReduced anxiety and stressEnhanced mood and sociabilityMild pain reliefImproved sleep qualityGentle body warmthIncreased appreciation for music

Side Effects

Dizziness and lightheadednessNausea and stomach discomfortDry mouth and throat irritationDrowsiness and fatigueMild headachePotential respiratory irritation when smokedAnxiety in sensitive individuals

Safety & Harm Reduction

Harm Reduction Tips

  • Start with very small amounts due to 50:1 concentration potency
  • Use a scale to measure doses accurately - resin is much stronger than plant material
  • Avoid driving or operating machinery for several hours after use
  • Stay hydrated but avoid excessive alcohol consumption
  • Use in a safe, comfortable environment with trusted people
  • Wait at least 2 hours between doses to assess full effects
  • Avoid mixing with other sedating substances
  • Keep activated charcoal available in case of overconsumption
  • Have a sober trip sitter present, especially for first-time use
  • Store securely away from children and pets

Emergency Information

If experiencing anxiety, nausea, or dizziness, move to a calm environment and practice slow breathing. Seek medical attention if experiencing severe respiratory depression, persistent vomiting, or allergic reactions. Contact emergency services if consciousness is significantly impaired.

Interactions

OpioidsDangerous
Risk of compounded respiratory depression and oversedation
AlcoholCaution
May increase sedation and respiratory depression risk
CannabisCaution
Synergistic effects may increase sedation and cognitive impairment
BenzodiazepinesCaution
Combined sedative effects may cause excessive drowsiness
SSRIs/SNRIsCaution
May alter serotonin activity and mood effects unpredictably
MAOIsCaution
Potential for unpredictable interactions with alkaloid metabolism
StimulantsCaution
Opposing effects may mask intoxication levels from either substance

Experience Levels

As a newcomer to Wild Dagga 50:1 resin, expect a gentle, gradual onset of relaxation and mild euphoria. The concentrated extract works more quickly than regular leaf, typically within 10-20 minutes when smoked or vaporized. You'll likely notice a subtle shift in mood - stress melting away, muscles relaxing, and a general sense of well-being emerging. The effects are often described as cannabis-like but much milder, without the intense psychoactive properties. Your thoughts may feel slightly dreamy or contemplative, and music or nature might seem more enjoyable. Physical sensations include mild body relaxation and possible slight sedation. Some beginners report enhanced creativity or introspection. The concentrated nature means effects may feel more pronounced than expected, so starting with tiny amounts is crucial. Duration typically ranges from 1-3 hours, with a gentle comedown. Side effects are usually minimal but may include mild dizziness or slight nausea if you've taken too much. The key is patience - don't rush to redose if effects seem subtle initially. This extract teaches you to appreciate gentle, natural relaxation rather than intense altered states.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is Wild Dagga Concentrated Resin 50:1 legal in the Netherlands?

Yes, Wild Dagga (Leonotis leonurus) and its extracts are completely legal in the Netherlands. It's classified as a herbal product and can be legally purchased, possessed, and used by adults. Dutch smartshops openly sell various Wild Dagga products including this concentrated resin extract.

What dosage should I start with for Wild Dagga 50:1 resin?

Start with a very small amount - approximately 0.1-0.2 grams of the concentrated resin. Since this is a 50:1 extract, it's significantly more potent than regular Wild Dagga leaf. Wait at least 30-45 minutes before considering additional doses to assess your individual response.

How do I consume Wild Dagga concentrated resin?

The resin can be smoked in a pipe, vaporized, or mixed with other herbal smoking blends. Some users dissolve small amounts in warm tea, though smoking/vaporizing provides faster onset. Always use proper smoking equipment and ensure good ventilation when consuming.

What effects can I expect from Wild Dagga 50:1 resin?

Users typically report mild euphoria, relaxation, and a gentle mood lift similar to but milder than cannabis. Effects may include slight sedation, reduced anxiety, and enhanced appreciation of music or nature. The concentrated resin provides more pronounced effects than regular Wild Dagga leaf.

How long do the effects of Wild Dagga resin last?

When smoked or vaporized, effects typically begin within 5-15 minutes and last 1-3 hours. The concentrated nature of this 50:1 extract may extend duration slightly compared to regular Wild Dagga preparations. Individual metabolism and dosage significantly influence duration.

Are there any safety risks with Wild Dagga concentrated resin?

Wild Dagga is generally considered safe for most healthy adults when used responsibly. However, the concentrated nature requires careful dosing to avoid overconsumption. Some users may experience mild dizziness, nausea, or headaches, especially with higher doses.

Can Wild Dagga resin interact with medications?

Wild Dagga may interact with certain medications, particularly those affecting the cardiovascular or nervous systems. Consult your healthcare provider before use if you take any prescription medications, especially heart medications, blood pressure drugs, or psychiatric medications.

Where can I buy Wild Dagga 50:1 resin in the Netherlands?

Licensed Dutch smartshops and online retailers specializing in legal botanicals sell Wild Dagga products. Always purchase from reputable vendors who provide proper product information and lab testing when available. Check Smartshop.nl for verified retailers in your area.

Can I travel internationally with Wild Dagga resin?

While legal in the Netherlands, Wild Dagga's legal status varies internationally. Many countries may not recognize its legal status or may classify it differently. Research destination country laws thoroughly and consider leaving it at home when traveling abroad to avoid legal complications.

What's the difference between Wild Dagga resin and regular leaf?

The 50:1 concentrated resin contains significantly higher levels of active compounds like leonurine compared to dried leaf. This means much smaller doses are needed for effects, onset may be faster, and potency is considerably increased. Always adjust dosing accordingly.

How should I store Wild Dagga concentrated resin?

Store in a cool, dry, dark place in an airtight container to preserve potency and prevent degradation. Keep away from heat, light, and moisture. Properly stored resin can maintain quality for 1-2 years. Always keep out of reach of children and pets.

Is Wild Dagga resin suitable for microdosing?

The concentrated nature of 50:1 resin makes precise microdosing challenging due to potency variations. Regular Wild Dagga leaf or less concentrated extracts may be more suitable for microdosing protocols. If attempting microdosing with resin, use extremely small amounts and careful measurement.

How does Wild Dagga compare to cannabis?

Wild Dagga provides milder, more subtle effects compared to cannabis. While both can produce relaxation and mild euphoria, Wild Dagga typically doesn't cause the intense psychoactive effects, appetite changes, or cognitive impairment associated with THC. It's often described as cannabis's gentler cousin.

Can I mix Wild Dagga resin with other herbs?

Many users combine Wild Dagga resin with other legal smoking herbs like damiana, mullein, or blue lotus for enhanced or modified effects. Start with small amounts when mixing and research potential interactions. Avoid combining with unknown substances or anything containing synthetic compounds.

What should I do if I experience adverse effects?

If you experience uncomfortable effects, move to a calm environment, stay hydrated, and practice deep breathing. Most adverse effects from Wild Dagga are mild and temporary. Seek medical attention if you experience severe symptoms, difficulty breathing, or persistent discomfort lasting several hours.

How It ComparesWild Dagga Concentrated Resin 50:1

DimensionWild Dagga Concentrated Resin 50:1KratomKannaBlue Lotus
Intensity3/104/104/102/10
Duration1-3 hours3-5 hours2-4 hours2-4 hours
Onset Time5-15 minutes15-30 minutes15-30 minutes10-20 minutes
Legal Status NLLegalLegalLegalLegal
Risk ProfileVery LowLow-ModerateLowVery Low
Best ForMild relaxation, mood enhancementPain relief, energy boostMood enhancement, social anxietyDream enhancement, meditation
AvailabilitySpecialized smartshopsWidely availableCommon in smartshopsWidely available

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References

  1. Bienvenu E, Amabeoku GJ, Eagles PK, Scott G, Springfield EP. Leonotis leonurus (L.) R.Br. and Leonotis nepetifolia (L.) R.Br. (Lamiaceae): ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacology · Phytomedicine · 2002
  2. Naidoo D, Maharaj V, Crouch NR, Ngwane AH, Pillay M. Pharmacological evaluation of Leonotis leonurus (L.) R. Br. (Lamiaceae) aqueous extract in rodents · International Journal of Pharmacology · 2013
  3. Mnonopi NO, Levendal RA, Davies-Coleman MT, Frost CL. Anti-inflammatory activity of Leonotis leonurus (L.) R.Br. [Lamiaceae] leaf aqueous extract · Journal of Medicinal Plants Research · 2011
  4. Mazimba O, Wale K, Tebogo E, Shetonde OM, Kwape T. Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activities of Leonotis leonurus used in folk medicine · Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease · 2015
  5. Liu XH, Pan LL, Gong QH, Zhu YZ. Leonurine: pharmacology, toxicology and analysis · Journal of Chromatography B · 2010
  6. Shang JH, Cai XH, Feng T, Zhao YL, Wang JK, Zhang LY, Yan M, Luo XD. Cardiovascular effects of leonurine: A review of in vitro and in vivo studies · Fitoterapia · 2012
  7. Moteetee A, Van Wyk BE. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by traditional healers in Lesotho · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · 2011

Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using any substance. If you experience adverse effects, contact your doctor or call 112 (Netherlands emergency).